CCTV camera sensor

Image sensors when choosing an IP camera for CCTV

There are many variables to define, before selecting an IP camera. We will review three different criteria necessary to help evaluate which IP camera is the right one to choose for your CCTV system.

1. Model: Body style, and location

Depending on where the camera will be physically installed and what is its function? Based on the location, you can better determine what type of body is suitable for where the CCTV camera system is going.

Recommendations:

For the identification of faces (faces - face) or the capture of fine details, the camera must be mounted between 9 feet and 12 feet high.

For the capture of license plates (license plates), the camera must be mounted at a lower height, from 3 to 5 feet. In addition, license plates must be installed in a "narrow" passageway (a bottleneck) where vehicles normally travel slower, and vehicles must go at a speed of less than 10 miles per hour. For example, an entrance of the parking lot.

Image sensor

Image sensors determine the pixel size, and the number of pixels. The larger a sensor, the greater the number of pixels.

A common mistake is to consider that the larger the sensor, the better the image in low light environments. The image size does not have an important role with respect to low light improvement. There are other factors that affect how well image is seen in low light environments, such as night vision.

Some types of image sensors found in IP cameras:

• 1 / 1.7 "
• 1 / 1.8 "
• 1 / 2.3 "
• 1 / 2.7 "
• 1 / 2.8 "
• 1/3 "(This is the most common image sensor for video surveillance use)
• 1/4 "

Lens types according to their focus and zoom: Motorized varifocal, Manual varifocal, and fixed lens

Motorized varifocal: A motorized lens that can be adjusted during or after installation from a computer or desktop computer. The result in a better return on investment, especially in those cases where frequent lens adjustments are required. These types of cameras are usually more expensive than similar manual models.

Manual varifocal: A lens with manual focus must be adjusted during installation and requires a person to physically focus the lens.

Fixed lens: These lenses have a fixed focal length and cannot be adjusted. These cameras usually cost less than variable focal length cameras.

CCTV costs

One of the worst nightmares of any person is that they enter to steal on their property. Any risk of intrusion generates a sense of vulnerability and this is never pleasant. Installing a CCTV security camera may be the solution: it will not only detect potential intruders or criminals, but also record any anomaly that may occur.

How much does it cost to install a CCTV system?

Today there is a wide variety of surveillance cameras for CCTV on the market and the cost of each other can vary significantly. Therefore, before revealing prices, we want to offer you a brief summary about the types of cameras that exist.

Types of security cameras

Broadly speaking, it is possible to distinguish two types: analog security cameras and IP security cameras. We can summarize the differences between the two in the following points: Image quality is better in IP cameras.

As for the installation, analog cameras are wired, while IPs can also work wirelessly. The operation of IP cameras is due to a more advanced technology, which generally also translates into greater security.

Finally, we can establish differences in relation to the price. Although the installation of IP cameras is more economical, equipment consisting of analog cameras are usually cheaper.

Nowadays it is usual to install video surveillance systems that combine both types of cameras.

On the other hand, it is also possible to differentiate the cameras according to the type of display you want to choose:

• Through the Internet: The main advantage of this alternative is that it allows viewing images in real time from anywhere thanks to the network connection. It can also work with all types of cameras, both analog and IP.
• Locally: It is used mostly with analog cameras and is the perfect option if you want to install a CCTV system (Closed Circuit Television). They allow to visualize the images from a monitor or television to which the cameras are connected.

Installation price of a video surveillance system

To start, you should know that the cost of installing a camera usually ranges between 100 and 600 euros. We want to highlight that this figure will depend largely on the quality of the device. In fact, you may find cameras that exceed this price range.

On the other hand, it should be noted that security systems are usually configured by groups of four, eight or sixteen cameras.

It is quite common to be able to find offers for this type of kits, and acquiring the already grouped cameras is usually cheaper than buying the different elements of the security system separately. Taking into account all this information we have prepared the following table with a series of estimated prices; the data is purely indicative:

Price of installing a video surveillance system

• Number of cameras Price
• 4 cameras 400 - 2,400 €
• 8 cameras 800 - € 4,800
• 16 cameras 1,600 - € 9,600

CCTV use in hospitals

Technology and service, a healthy alliance

The security in hospital and clinical infrastructures in Latin America faces daily challenges in which the acquisition and intelligent management of technological resources to protect their physical and human capital are decisive.

CCTV systems constitute a technological leap necessary to move towards security policies and service quality at a time when the health sector requires the best administrative and managerial decisions to overcome the challenges and challenges of the hospital industry.

Undoubtedly, CCTV security camera functions aimed at preventing difficulties present in risk situations and generating fast and adequate responses; and thanks to the development of new technologies, it has the potential to integrate with other organizations systems to control, monitor, streamline and improve processes.

Why use CCTV?

Medical facilities serve as a source of data, being key in the collection of information to generate different indicators and rates that go beyond their corporate name. But, in turn, they are susceptible to various crimes being carried out within them and live realities such as confrontations between victims and perpetrators, drug theft, extortion, attacks on employees, patients and the infrastructure itself, etc., altering the Security at all levels.

Other less dramatic aspects related to the daily operation of hospitals, such as handling intolerant people, controlling the entry and exit of patients and visitors, monitoring staff shifts, monitoring parking lots, following suspicious movements, avoiding loss of forgotten objects, Observe access to restricted places, etc., are part of the range of circumstances that a public and private health sector entity faces daily. And to meet these challenges, institutions take precautions based on the technology currently offered by the market.

It is important to note that the CCTV system is continuously articulated in organizations with other tools such as those related to fire detection and alarms, access control, etc. And although each one works independently, its synchrony allows the entity to have a global management not only of its safety, but also of its quality processes in terms of the service provided to patients and the public in general, thus complying with better attention and respecting internal policies.

However, although they are increasingly versatile, intelligent and intuitive, these technological aids require, to achieve success and maximize their potential, trained personnel to handle them and processes consistent with the entire organization to support and act accordingly with the different standards and programs of the entity.

The main objective of the hospital sector in this area is to identify and assess the needs it has within its different areas. And the challenge of the security companies is to provide the ideal advice that allows to choose solid systems for optimal operation, guaranteeing an environment free of risks and threats.

And this is how, aimed at delivering total satisfaction to the final customer, companies that manufacture security systems focus their efforts on creating a technology according to the type of business and budget available to each company

CCTV prevention

Prevent theft and crime with CCTV systems. Installation of Security Cameras.

The main reason why it is decided to install a video surveillance system or make a closed circuit television installation (CCTV) is the deterrent effect it produces. However, it is not always possible to dissuade criminals and ends up committing a crime. In that case, the reason for the installation of security systems is no longer just deterrence, but also to be able to record the criminal act and subsequently extract said video clip. That video may be used as evidence in a trial or it will be used by the security forces and forces to assist in their criminal investigation.

We will not always be lucky enough to have a video in which the offender is caught in fraganti. But that is no reason to dismiss the installation of CCTV security cameras. There are many other uses that you can exploit and that will make you never want to get rid of your surveillance system.

Other uses of CCTV (Closed Circuit Television)

A recording may not show a crime being committed but it may prove that your version of the facts is true, or show any suspicious behavior. As you can see, surveillance cameras can be used for more things than recording a robbery, for example:

• Prove that you have been in a certain place.
• Record the time of entry and exit to a place.
• Check if a restraining order has been violated.
• See the attitude of the people recorded. If they have violent, calm, drunk behavior, etc...
• Exchange of suspicious objects.
• Locate vehicles and license plates used in crimes or parked in certain places.
• And a lot of other uses of CCTV beyond as a security system.

In conclusion

Install surveillance cameras in communities and the use of CCTV security recordings do not always have to show the fact itself, but any evidence that substantiates your version of events. An installation of a CCTV system will always provide advantages and security wherever you decide to install it. No matter the place of installation, you can obtain the images of the surveillance cameras properly requesting the recordings to the correspondent police department or private owner of the videos.

CCTV use in schools

CCTV system in schools and classrooms

CCTV security camerahas been present in our schools and classrooms of at least since 2008-2009. Although it is still unclear exactly how many schools currently have CCTV facilities, we can be sure that the number will only increase in the coming years. CCTV in schools and classrooms is a very emotional topic. In this article we will briefly analyze the arguments for and against (advantages and disadvantages) of the use of CCTV within schools.

CCTV placement advocates in schools and classrooms generally point to the following arguments; security and vigilance (teachers, students and school property are safer), which CCTV also helps build trust, as well as identify poor teachers and those "disturbing" children. Deterrence; that the use of CCTV discourages students, teachers and visitors from the school from antisocial or illegal acts.

Although I can understand the use of CCTV on the perimeters of a school, in order to deter / identify those who wish to enter a school, damage and steal property. I have real concern about how CCTV has been implemented. For example, in 2010 a case involved cameras are installed in children's toilets in a wooden school in Chelmsley (as a security measure). Neither the parents nor the children were informed of the use of CCTV and the cameras appeared without warning. Understandably, parents were very unhappy about this invasion of their children's privacy.

Of course we want our children to be safe and secure within our schools. Although at the same time we need to ensure that they are within a relaxed free learning environment. Schools are not prisons, and possibly the greatest use of CCTV in the classroom does not produce a condusive environment for learning. There is the question of our civil liberties and the psychological impact this can have on teachers, students and parents.

There have been few studies examining the use of CCTV in schools, but the most notable survey conducted by Dr. Emmeline Taylor of Salford University made reading very interesting. In 2009 Dr. Taylor surveyed 24 comprehensive schools in northwestern England and discovered that 23 had installed more than 20 cameras. 85% of teachers have reported the use of CCTV in their schools and one in 10 said they had even placed cameras in toilets. In the name of security it was also reported that some schools were introducing other techniques such as fingerprint detectors, metals, electronic identity cards, eye scanners and facial recognition systems. Surprisingly, some of the schools are collecting images without informing teachers, students or parents. Dr. Taylor also felt that he had not found any evidence that the rise of cameras in schools was providing schools with a solution to the problems (crime, intimidation, smoking, absenteeism) CCTV should fix.

Dr. Taylor concludes; "The effectiveness of CCTV in preventing and detecting crime remains extremely doubtful, and its impact on more trivial behaviors such as absent play has not been measured. CCTV is often attributed with numerous benefits that often there is no evidence to suggest that can deliver in."

CCTV tips

7 steps to succeed in CCTV system installation

Objective of the project

Before leaving and determining the position of the CCTV camera system, determine what the objective of the project will be; This may be: the perimeter of the area to be monitored, the control of certain processes, the protection of assets, among others. This is one of the most important steps; It must be documented so that it is known by all the areas involved in the project, especially by the areas of operations and financing.

Location of the cameras

With the goal set, go to the field and investigate and verify the best positioning of the cameras, also check for possible interference that may affect the quality of the images. At that time observe the lighting of the place, if necessary indicate the use of projectors (LED, infrared), choose the appropriate model for each application and manage the document List of materials with brand and model and objective of each camera, along with the ground floor of the place, position each camera and indicate their field of vision.

Infrastructure

The IP CCTV System requires an Ethernet network already implemented in place. If you have a network in place that will be shared with the cameras, make sure that the network has conditions to keep all systems running. The network administrator must participate in this step.

Administration

Will the system have only one local access or does it include remote access? Is there only one location or will there be multiple locations with centralized administration? Today there are several CCTV software manufacturers, with very similar functions, but they can have different forms of licensing, for example, while a manufacturer only charges the amount of cameras that are being managed and provides all the other features others may charge for the features through additional licenses.

Monitoring Center

• Use servers:

These devices are designed to work 24 hours a day, just like your security system, and should be dedicated for this use, that is, it should never be shared with another application. Refrigerated Environment: The server must be conditioned to racks and in refrigerated environments, it must never be installed in porters, or under tables or cabinets. High temperatures are the main causes of damage to these systems.

At rest:

In addition to the camera monitoring center it should also work in a power interruption situation, adjust the non-rest system to keep all equipment running during failures. Technical Furniture: The operations centers will not last if office furniture is used, the correct thing is the use of technical furniture that has the durability to guarantee the operation during long periods of work.

Skilled labor

Always ensure that professionals have training and a technical certification to install, configure and train the operation of the products.

Warranty

Remember, all equipment wears out, mainly, over time, to minimize effects, you just need regular and preventive maintenance. The cost of preventive maintenance is cheaper than the cost of replacing equipment with corrective maintenance.

Another point is the spare parts, if your work is essential and you cannot suffer interruptions in the service, even if it is defective, it is better to keep some equipment in stock for replacement.

Company access control

Access control system for companies

Mandatory for companies with more than ten employees, access control is an ally of employees and managers in the work environment. The tool, essential for information management, has innumerable models and that is why entrepreneurs often do not know which one to invest in. From the manual to the biometric, the importance of access control system is undeniable. It is he who records the hours worked by each employee. In this way, the manager knows if the professional did overtime and even if he complied with the provisions of the contract, which allows the correct payment in companies with wages based on the hourly load.

In addition, through this, both employees and the company can check the hourly load fulfilled, if it is necessary to resort to labor justice. Access control brings advantages for both sides.

How to choose the best model

With so many models in which it is possible to invest, doubts may arise as to the best option for the company. Access control must be regulated by legal requirements. By fulfilling them, the choice is made for the cost benefit, highlighting the controls and maintenance mechanisms Among the factors that must be taken into account when choosing an access control system kitare: compliance with legal norms; access controls; the mechanisms and maintenance time; and the price of the product. But what are the main options in the market?

Types of access control

Meet four common models in companies.

Access book

This is the cheapest option for companies, compared to digital models. Despite this, being a control done manually by employees, it is susceptible to failures and requires trust between the professional and the manager.Therefore, this model is ideal for companies with few employees and works best in enterprises with flexible schedules, where professionals work at home or need to travel.

Cartographic clock

With this model, the employees insert a card of cardboard in the device and the clock makes the impression of the schedule. In this case, it is ideal for managers to have monitoring, to certify that no professional will register for another person. The cartographic clock is ideal for small businesses that cannot make a high investment and is a good option because not much maintenance is needed.

Barcode

Barcode access has information about employees and requires that they have individual cards. The company can launch a report with information that is sent digitally, which facilitates the processes of the financial department. This is a perfect investment for medium and large companies.

Biometric access

The biometric model is the most advanced and most secure for employees and managers, since the professional's entry and exit times are recorded by means of digital printing. Generally, it is used in commercial buildings, where the tool is located in the entrance turnstiles.

CCTV evolution

Evolution of video surveillance systems

Video surveillance systems, more commonly called CCTV (CCTV system), is an industry that is more than 30 years old and one that has had many technological changes. As in any other industry, end users are increasingly increasing the demand for the products and solutions that are driving the changes, and the evolution of the technologies that are helping to support them. In the video surveillance market, the needs that are most reflected are:

• Better image quality
• Simplified installation and maintenance.
• Safer and more efficient technology.
• Longer storage time of recorded video.
• Cost reduction
• The size and scalability.
• The remote monitoring capabilities.
• Integration with other systems.
• More intelligence of the integrated system.

Video surveillance systems have undergone a series of technological changes. The most recent is the change from analogue CCTV surveillance to fully digital, network-based video surveillance systems.

These systems began as 100 percent analog systems and gradually became digital. Today's systems, the use of network cameras and PC servers (personal computer) for video recording on a fully digital system, have come a long way since the first analog CCTV security camera, which were connected to a VCR (cassette recorder).

Surveillance systems

In the midst of fully analog and fully digital systems, there are several solutions that share both, that is, systems that incorporate both digital and analog devices. This has given rise to some confusion in the video surveillance sector today, as some speak of a "digital" system in the sense of analog cameras that connect to a DVR (digital video recorder), while others use the term to describe a network video system with the network of cameras. Although there are digital components in both systems, there are some very important differences to determine between each of them.

The generation that we currently see on video surveillance systems allows people to have a more advanced and complete, security and connectivity service, which allows us to enjoy better quality images, data or information delivery at a better speed, and we can easily connect to the internet.

Thanks to the implementation of the cameras that we know as IP it is possible to perform a type of monitoring at the same time that it is possible to make the recordings this can currently be done at the same time, however in previous years this was not possible. These new features allow people who use these systems to have a real-time location from anywhere on their space or monitored area.

In addition to this, the evolution of the systems allows us to encrypt the access, which makes it much safer in this regard.

Access control Planning

Planning of an access control system in buildings

A building, specially one where many offices and different types of people converge (like government figures for example) the levels of security must be really high, and a rigorous access system must be developed as part of the global security program.

The objective of a global security program is to calculate the risks and provide adequate responses. An important tool of that program is a well-analyzed access control system, been adequate study. The risk analysis section of the safety program attempts to identify why, where and how a building could be entered. Is it a historic building in an important city? Does the volume of traffic of people or a unique design - which could lead to a greater number of deaths - make it a main objective for terrorists? Do tenants include US or foreign government offices, abortion clinics, corporate information centers or other groups that represent vital functions or controversial issues? A serious evaluation of these factors is helpful in determining why someone would want to enter a building illegally.

To determine where you could enter illegally, you must examine all access points to the building, such as entrance paths, corridors, doors, windows, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, pipes, and mechanical, electrical and water systems (MEP) and other openings. The analysis of how the building could be entered is based on the consideration of different types of threats, ranging from a person with a gun or a truck loaded with explosives, to a contaminated package that enters through the mail. According to the needs an adequate access control system kit will be installed.

Once the risk analysis has been carried out, we find the appropriate framework to develop responses to the different risks that have been identified. Effective access control is based on the integration of three design elements: architectural, technical and operational. Architectural elements include physical barriers to entry, such as walls, partitions, natural foliage (trees), turnstiles (personal barriers), protections and constructions of reinforced buildings. The technical elements range from video control, metal detectors and card readers to biometric systems. Global plans, policies and procedures carried out by trained security personnel are part of the operational elements of the plan.

Among the final steps of the process we can find the security program budget, access control design, alarm control, intruder detection, control through television systems and communication systems for evaluation and security, the implementation of security programs, training of security forces and education of users and tenants of the building.

House CCTV

The 4 types of CCTV cameras you can put in your home

Types of CCTV cameras for home interior

CCTV systemsare a surveillance system suitable for the interior of the house. Generally, they consist of security cameras, presence detectors and connection to an alarm system. They connect to the alarm through a wired system, which makes them a particularly robust system. Its great technical advantage over IP cameras is the security of your system, since they cannot be inhibited. The most advanced CCTV security system, also include an anti-sabotage system, which makes them really efficient.

As there are different types of CCTV camera system, if you want to protect your home to the fullest, it is advisable to know which ones exist and what differences they have between them.

4 types of indoor CCTV cameras

Depending on the area to be protected, we offer four types of conventional cameras to install inside the house. It should be added that all have high definition 800 TVL lines (the number of horizontal lines you will see on the screen):

• Mini Dome
• Mini Compact or Bullet.
• Mini Compact medium distance.
• Housing

CCTV Camera Mini-Dome for home

It is an anti-vandal CCTVcamera, that is, it is resistant to shocks and other inclemencies. This makes it really versatile, as it serves both indoors and outdoors. Its 2.8-12mm optics are recommended for short distance, up to 10 meters. It is perfect for monitoring normal-sized areas of the house or exterior walls of the house.

Mini Compact CCTV Camera or Bullet for housing

This CCTV camera is called Bullet (bullet) because of its long and small shape. It has its strong point in its small size, which makes it easy to hide and makes it optimal for corners and spaces where it is difficult to install other cameras. Even so it allows benefits similar to those of the Mini Dome.

Medium Compact Mini Distance CCTV Camera for home

It is a version of the Bullet camera with greater visibility range. Its 6-22mm optics are suitable for monitoring over medium distances of up to 20 meters. Thus, it is perfect to protect gardens, large corridors and open spaces.

Housing CCTV Camera for home

Finally, the Housing camera is the recommended option for long distance surveillance of up to 40 meters.They are useful if your home has a large estate. In addition, they are the best option to protect urbanizations and neighborhoods that have very large streets or common areas, such as swimming pools and sports areas.

Management of access control system

Effective management of electronic access control system

A traditional lock is only to control the status of a door that cannot be regulated by schedules. However, an electronic access control system allows you to lock control by configuring time, door group, authorization level and through the web server, you will be able to know all the registered events of doors and users. The CCTV / IP video surveillance circuit is an optional equipment if security is to be improved and it can be added to your access control system kit. Consequently, electronic access control system has become a major trend in the industry and security thanks to their unrivaled advantages.

Schedule

With an integrated time function, you can set schedules such as morning shift, afternoon or evening shift, etc., through the access management software for the regulation of user authorization levels and their access schedules to the different places. Of course, total opening hours can be created, at these times the door will open automatically, and after this period it will close automatically. This configuration is ideal for stores and department stores. In addition, you can set an expiration time of access for each user, this is ideal for short-term access such as day passes, or visit passes. Different schedules can be configured to activate the equipment designated as safety alert or industrial control device.

Access Level

There is additional management such as access level control. You can label each time zone and each door group with an index and level. Each user is assigned a level index. Users with a higher level are authorized to schedules and groups of doors with lower level index.

Anti-return

The anti-return feature combines a reader and access control to provide a higher level of security. When applied to buildings, there are three fundamental characteristics. First, the external reader is only for reading information, not for storing data, Second, the breakage of the reader cannot cause a forced opening condition to occur. The normal process of obtaining access is as follows: a card approaches the reader from the outside the reader transmits the information, determining if the card is valid or not, a signal is transmitted to the electronic lock to unlock it.

Therefore, the reader cannot open the door lock by himself. Third, a card must be presented at the entrance / exit, and the presentation sequence must be the correct order such as the following sequence "entry-exit-entry-exit-entry-exit" to gain access. Any attempt to create an “entry-entry” sequence of access will be considered a violation of the Anti-return rule and consequently access will be denied. For example, if someone gives their card to a friend after passing the door or someone has a copy and tries to enter, they will all be rejected at the door for violation of the anti-return rule.

CCTV use in hospital unit

CCTV security camera in Neonatal Intensive Care: always by your side

New service in the Patient Portal, available in university hospitals

Knowing that your child is in the best hands and the open-door protocol of the Neonatal ICUs of the four hospitals allows parents to feel safe, be informed and participate and get involved in the care of the newborn; a peace of mind that increases now knowing that they can continue to see you too if they should be absent from the hospital on time

The CCTV camera offer real-time image and 24 hours a day, from the mobile, tablet or computer and, to guarantee privacy and security in its use, the hospital does not save recording of the images, no sound is reproduced and only available for parents

This new service, complementary to the health care offered in the Neonatal ICU, increases the quality of care perceived by parents in a new step in the strategy of Humanization of Health Care of the centers that involves an exercise of transparency aimed at improving patient safety and optimize their communication with the hospital

Tranquility and confidence are the most repeated words by parents who, despite not being able to take their newborn baby home because they are premature, have low weight or any circumstance that requires specialized attention, which leads to worry, fear and frustration, they have to leave their little one admitted to the Neonatal ICU.

It is a priority for these neonatal income services to maintain an open-door protocol, that is, to encourage parents to spend as much time as possible with their children, as much as they want and can, without schedules or restrictions in addition to the CCTV system. This allows them to be better informed, to participate and to be involved in the care of the newborn in a continuous learning process together with the professionals of the unit, feeling with it all safer and checking and sharing the evolution of the child in his first days of life.

Transparency, security and communication as a complement to health care

In real time and 24 hours a day -with immediate information if the service is not available due to the testing of the newborn-, from the mobile, tablet or computer and, to guarantee privacy and security in its use, the hospital does not save recording of images, sound is not reproduced and is only available to parents, since it is automatically activated in the case of the mother, while the father must register the child as supervised in his application to access to this functionality. All this allows this tool to complement the information and health care offered in the Neonatal ICU and improve the quality of care perceived by parents from the human point of view.

CCTV legal conditions

Who can install a CCTV security camera system and where?

The installation of video surveillance devices must always be governed by a criterion of proportionality with the problem to be corrected. Installing a video surveillance camera or CCTV is very delicate. The key to discern when it should be installed and when this resource is inadequate is "proportionality", clarify from the Ministry of Interior, the Catalan Authority for Damage Protection (APDCAT) and the Il·lustre Col·legi d'Advocats de Barcelona (ICAB) in catalona,Spain for example.

Only the security forces (National Police Corps, Civil Guard or local police) can place one of these devices on public roads. Santiago Farré, head of the legal advice of the APDCAT, clarifies that public institutions - such as town halls - can also install them in some cases, but only to regulate "traffic" in very specific situations.

The deputy general director of Interior explains that the police to record on public roads need a permit from the 'conselleria'. This will only be granted if the petition has a "favorable report" from the mixed commission for the control of video surveillance devices in Catalonia, which depends on the Superior Court of Justice of Catalonia (TSJC).

Mounting cameras arguing for reasons of "security" has an inevitable consequence: "You also record people," said Jordi Bacaria, president of the intellectual property and image rights section of ICAB. In doing so, the "privacy" of these citizens is invaded and to violate this right there must be a justification and, above all, it must be demonstrated that there are no other resources to protect a certain objective. "If any site can be secured by putting a security guard, for example, it must be done and forget about video surveillance," Bacaria explains.

In private enclosures

A private agency, such as a pharmacy, a large commercial warehouse or a bank, can mount video surveillance devices within its enclosures. But to do so they must meet two requirements, The first is that they must sign with signs that said establishment is controlled by CCTV security system and tjhat you are being recorded, it is understood that if the posters are visible and the customer enters, they are "accessing" to be recorded. The second is that they must have for the user who requests it all the information related to this system. They are conditions of the organic data protection law (LOPD) clarified in Royal Decree 1720/2007.

The citizen is obliged to be informed of who is responsible for these cameras, he can demand that those images in which he appears be deleted and even request a copy of the sequence in which he appears. To receive it, you must provide "a photograph", detail "the time slot in which you accessed this site" and pay "the costs" that will duplicate them. Failure to comply with any of these conditions by the owner of the cameras implies a breach of the LOPD, warn Farré and Bacaria.

In the case of the controversial camera installed inside a classroom of a Spanish institute by decision of its director, the Department of Education has vetoed its use precisely because "it was not proportional", defends Bacaria. And because, in addition, in this case the people recorded were minors, a "particularly vulnerable" population.

Electronic access control

What is electronic Access control system and what is it for?

Access Control Definition

The common characteristic of a home, a company and the venues for events is that they all have an access door. The main mission of a door is to control who can enter and who cannot; for example, the door of a house allows members of a family to enter, in a company it allows the entrance to employees, visitors and messengers to be controlled. This process is called access control.

The three basic components of an Access Control system are: the Door, the Lock and the Key If we want to have a higher security we can install a door sensor on top of it and thus know the status of the door, in this way any abnormal situation will trigger the alarm and notify the security company or the police.

In any case, what happens if the keys are lost, or there are many keys to find them in a short time?

In the first case we can find a locksmith who opens the door in five minutes, but this will also indicate the poor reliability of mechanical locks; In the second case, carrying a lot of keys on it involves a lot of weight and a lot of time selecting what the key we are looking for.

To avoid the above problems, electronic access controls are the perfect solution.In addition, the administrative management of an access control is very laborious.

In a traditional mechanical locking system, if a new member is added a new key is necessary, at the same time in the office paper clocks are used to control the assistance and working times of employees, which makes the count is laborious and conducive to errors and omissions.

Conversely, the introduction of a modern network access control system can simplify and improve the process simply by connecting to the Internet, entering a system web server, and adding or removing staff authorization levels, as many as you wish and know their entry and exit conditions, without altering the original basic access control system kit. Moreover, the attendance and time report can be easily generated and edited with less labor and greater precision.

Taking into account the current trend in the growth of companies have delegations in different parts of the city or country. This is the reason why a data synchronization service is needed. The creation of networks of access control systems provides a good solution to manage and control the subsidiaries of the office center, adjusting the days off in each or the working hours in a more efficient and comfortable way, so that it exceeds amply to traditional mechanical access control systems.

Biometric Access control

Biometric reading is based on the personal and non-transferable character that each human being has associated in some of their physical traits or patterns. It is a very reliable and safe type of reading due to this difficulty of matching in two patterns.

It also provides a great advantage and comfort, as is the one that the "key" access is carried by the integrated person. This also implies that it cannot be stolen or lost, the key is also extremely economical (not the system of recognition of said "key") and against counterfeiting or duplication it will be extremely expensive.

Until recently, this access control system is used to be associated with access control to high security places, but today it is common to see biometric systems to access CPD centers, offices, or even for signing in the workplace.

Biometric Systems Techniques

The physical or behavioral traits that could be used to distinguish one human being from another are very diverse and varied. Many of these features are not currently applicable, because they do not have the reading technology that supports them.

Access control system types of biometric systems

• Facial Recognition A camera takes the image of a face, and measures the distances and proportions between the points that separate the inner and outer part of the eyes, the nose, and the mouth mainly. Although it reports the advantage of being able to archive a photo or video sequence along with the signing of the access made, it is a system with a too high failure rate (scars, glasses, cap, beard, etc.)
• Iris recognition. Reading with a high level of reliability and safety, the only inconvenience it poses is to be somewhat intrusive when having to have an eye scan.
• Retina recognition. System even more reliable than iris recognition as it is practically impossible to duplicate or deceive. However, it is even more expensive and intrusive, which is why it is not a common system.
• Fingerprint recognition. It is the oldest and most economical biometric system. It also has the advantage of being very comfortable to use. On the other hand, the fingerprint reading raises other important drawbacks: hygiene problem when contact exists, reading problem with dirty hands, it is relatively easy to copy a fingerprint and therefore deceive the system, it can also generate some suspicion in users for associating to the police environment. Despite these problems, it is the ideal access control system kit, for installations without a high need for security.
• Recognition Characteristics of the Hand. Technology based on measuring the shape of the perimeter of the hand. It shares the disadvantages of fingerprint reading, also adding a higher cost and lower reliability. This is due in part to a lower development of this technology, which makes it inadvisable for most applications.
• Recognition of the characteristics of the palm of the hand. This technology is applied to the reading of folds, fingerprints, wrinkles and other unique characteristics in each human being in the palm of the hand. System similar to fingerprint reading with the important advantage of being able to perform scanning without physical contact.

How CCTV works?

How does a closed circuit TV work?

A CCTV is basically formed by cameras, a transmission medium, monitors, recording systems, data recording and some other complementary elements, such as lenses and storage and processing devices for the information collected.

Its operation is simple: CCTV security camera captures the images of the areas that are being monitored, which are then transmitted to the monitors that reproduce them using different media, such as coaxial cable, fiber optic, UTP cables or the most modern wireless systems, which do not need cables of any kind.

Based on this base scheme, current technology allows CCTV systems to be complexed, adapting to the available budget, the needs of the locations to be monitored and other factors. What you have to keep in mind is that an ideal closed-circuit TV system provides many advantages

CCTV system advantages

• Allow a facility with large public flow to be open and, in turn, safe and secure.
• Monitor the perimeters and places of access to your organization, urbanization, educational campus, or others, to detect the presence of unauthorized persons and launch attack procedures if necessary.
• See in real time what is happening in the monitored areas, both through specially dedicated monitors, such as tablets, computers or smartphones.
• Provide the possibility to record and access important events stored easily and quickly, choosing the desired programming of the video recorder.
• Connect the CCTV with other alarm systems and enable the sending of notices of these devices to the monitoring monitors, and keep you posted about any irregular situation that may happened at the moment.

Cars accesss system

HID proximity cards

The access control system will allow you to control, through a hid proximity card, the Access of Personnel and visitors to your facilities

Description

The access control systems, allow to expand the surveillance and security expectations of the facilities, increasing the efficiency in the production, backup and safekeeping operations with a high degree of reliability. Security directors, recognize proximity cards and HID readers as the industry standard for physical access control.

HID proximity products are strong and accessible and integrate seamlessly with access control systems. Currently, technical, human and material resources require a high degree of security and integrity, which is why their custody and administration is paramount, for this reason that automated access control system kit arise, which allow to broaden the expectations of surveillance and security of any institution, thereby increasing the efficiency in the operational activities of production, safeguarding and safeguarding of the human and material resources of the institutions and with the least amount of human elements possible and with a high degree of reliability. These systems can be adapted to any situation regardless of size, environment or logistics. Currently these types of systems are used by large industries, military installations, banks, airports, hotels, government offices, refineries, corporations, residences, etc. in general, institutions where a high priority has been established in their access control systems and physical and logical security.

Summary and Main Features

A dual frequency HID smart card allows a smooth migration of 125 kHz proximity technology to the Seos high-frequency future proof. This card allows customers to maximize their investment with the simultaneous support of the low frequency proximity technology widely adopted along with the high security of the Seos solution. The credential incorporates a standards-based Seos application to securely manage and authenticate identities.

Supplied as a programmable solution for maximum flexibility, the smart card offers expanded memory for additional user applications, which can be programmed or updated over the life of the card. By leveraging the HID Global data model, Secure Identity Object® (SIO®), which consists of protected data objects (encrypted and signed), organizations can distribute, manage and secure identities across a variety of devices different phones.

Main advantages:

• Technology independent security - Provides multilayer security beyond device technology and supports multiple SIOs in a single credential for individual protection of each application identity data
• Increased security - Cutting-edge cryptography for data confidentiality and strong authentication to protect contactless communications between the card and the reader
• Increased privacy - Does not communicate any traceable identifier during card sessions to prevent card data from being disclosed or cloned by unauthorized third parties
• Portable - As an open, standards-based solution that supports future technologies, the Seos application is portable for smartphones and other media and stores data for multiple applications on a single card or device
• Part of the HID Global iCLASS SE® platform - The platform is based on its SIO and Trusted Identity Platform® (TIP ™) data model to increase security, adaptability and interoperability

Local police uses CCTV

CCTV for local police monitoring

A Colombian City Hall puts into operation its new monitoring center to provide better and more agile attention to the inhabitants of the municipality in emergency situations A local CCTV system building company will be the technical operator of the solution, will ensure the operation of the system and will be responsible for its technological update. The benefit is based on the technological support that you will receive from the company that will allow agile attention to emergency situations and criminal risks, optimizing times and resources by unifying a command post formed by the National Police, the Fire Department and the Ministry of Transit.

This agreement with the private security sector has an initial period of 24 months, where the company as a technology operator will be responsible for the technological update and proper functioning of the implemented system.

Hector Augusto Monsalve Restrepo, mayor of Copacabana, said that the monitoring center will pay attention 24 hours a day to act effectively in the event of any occurrence, and ensures that crime reduction rates can go down to 70 percent.

Public and private support

The Monitoring Center is located in the Municipal Palace, it has three work stations for receiving calls and dispatching service units. The monitoring of the tracks is done through the Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) visualization system of the Municipality, with an equipment of 10 CCTV security cameras with a range of approximately two kilometers and 360-degree rotation. For the current year, it is projected to buy 10 more cameras and create a Mobile Immediate Attention Center.

The municipal administration has invested more than 600 million pesos for security resources, strengthening CCTV and campaigns to prevent violence and promote coexistence, increasing from 2 to 4 quadrants, increasing uniformed police with staff (2 vans and 6 motorcycles).

Currently in the municipality of Copacabana, police operations can be multiplied with the technological collaboration of this Telecommunications company, allowing an efficient response to security issues.

Advantages of access control system

Benefits of having a pedestrian access control system

In general, access control systems are used every day in different places and applications. This mechanism whose function is authenticated identification to allow access to data or resources is seen every day from the digital access control for our email and social networks, to physical applications, such as access to public transport, For example, the subway. Access control system for pedestrians are divided in two practical ways, those for pedestrian access and personnel control. Pedestrian access control systems are implemented to have a control of all the people who transit in a public or private space. They guarantee the passage of people who have free traffic and restricts the passage of unauthorized persons in certain areas.

Personnel control systems work for the same purpose, but they have certain special characteristics that allow an adequate administration of the personnel of a company or business. With these systems it is a question of having the control of entry and exit of the employees to improve their productivity, to follow up their schedules, to define the access groups, to establish allowed and restricted areas and for the certainty that the production of the company.

Access to both systems can be through an entry card, an electronic keychain that emits a signal, the use of a numerical code or through a biometric system (fingerprints, retinal readers, voice recognition, among others, depending on the type there’s the access control system kit. Benefits more import that has the use of these systems are:

Control of inputs and outputs

You can know with certainty who enters or who leaves from within the authorized area.

Greater security and control of the public

Safety is the most important thing in your company or offices, therefore, controlling the people who come and go will make you exponentially improve the level of security in your workplace.

Savings in personnel costs

Previously, for access control, you required personnel who were at all times keeping the record and allowing or denying access to people. With these new systems you will not require anyone to monitor or monitor the entrance.

Fast return on investment

The installation of an access control may seem to be a very high expense, but, on the contrary, it is an investment that will have a rapid return thanks to the fact that it has been proven that an improvement in the security and access of personnel can increase the productivity of your business activities

Decrease in registration time

Even in many places the access registration has to be done manually, registering in a book or something similar, with automated pedestrian access controls, this is done automatically in the logbook.

IP camera on CCTV system

How to configure an IP camera on CCTV system

A common example of this application in a CCTV system is the end user who installs an IP camera in your home or your business, and you want to access the video of this camera remotely from an external location. In the case when the camera is installed at home, to see that everything is going well, the person wishes from his workplace or office to be able to connect remotely to his home and check through the device that everything is in order, with your children, your pet, with the housekeeper or with your family in general. The second case, and perhaps the one with the highest demand, is that of the entrepreneur or entrepreneur who, due to his multiple occupations, cannot remain all the time being aware of what is happening in his company, and wants from his laptop, in a business trip, or on your home desktop PC to check that your business is going as it should be; that your employees have opened or closed the business in a timely manner at the correct time, that they are performing their daily tasks properly, or even being aware of security issues such as that there is no intruder in the place.

To begin with, the camera must be configured to be displayed on the local network (how to configure a camera on a local network or LAN), once the CCTV security cameras is already connected to the internal network of the place, essentially the following items must be available:

The router

In principle, the network switch of the place should be connected or if it is not available or has all its ports occupied, the IP camera can be connected directly to the router, usually they include network ports to connect devices directly to it.

The Internet Connection

Once we have the previous connection ready, the router must be connected to the Internet, either to the cable modem or Internet connection equipment provided by the ISP or Internet provider.

The Fixed IP Address

A fixed IP address must be requested from the Internet provider, in some cases it may have an additional cost, check with your ISP. Write down in a safe place the IP address assigned to your Internet connection, usually assigned to your router, associated with the MAC of this device.

Routing the camera to the Internet

As is known, a router allows to link 2 networks, a local network with a public network, in this case the Internet. Because the IP camera has an invalid or internal IP address, it must be made visible from the Internet, for this the fastest and most effective way to do this is by using a DMZ configuration. To do this, you must have access to the router configuration, and look for the DMZ section, depending on the brand of the router the location of the DMZ configuration will change, but surely by consulting the device manual you will easily find the location of this section. The DMZ must be activated and then enter the invalid IP address of the network camera. It is important that the camera has a fixed IP address and does not use DHCP.